បន្ទាប់ពីការរីករាលដាល់នៃជម្ញឺកូវីដ សហគមន៍ភាគច្រើនជួបប្រទះនិងបញ្ហាបំណុល ដែលមានលក្ខណៈធ្ងន់ធ្ងរនិងឈានដល់ការប្រើប្រាស់អំពើហិង្សាដល់ខ្លួនឯង គ្រួសារ និងសហគមន៍ ពិសេសសហគមន៍ជនជាតិដើមដែលធ្វើការជិតស្និតនិងធនធានធម្មជាតិ ប្រឈមនិងការបាត់បង់ធនធាននិងការបំផ្លិចបំផ្លាញព្រៃឈើ ដោយការខ្វះការយល់ដឹងក្នុងការគ្រប់គ្រងថវិកានិងការចាយវាយប្រចាំថ្ងៃនូវការចំណាយដែលចាំបាច់និងសំខាន់។ ការស្រាវជ្រាវកម្មវិធីយុវជននិងធនធានធម្មជាតិឆ្នាំ ២០២៣ និង យេនឌ័រ សន្តិភាព និងសន្តិសុខ វិច្ឆិកា ២០២៤ក៏បានរឃើញពីការកើនឡើងនិងកង្វល់បំណុលរបស់សហគមន៍។ គម្រោងការគ្រប់គ្រងហិរញ្ញវត្ថុសហគមន៍ WCS-USAID (REDD+) បានឆ្លើយតបនឹងការពង្រឹងការយល់ដឹងផ្នែកការគ្រប់គ្រងហិរញ្ញវត្ថុក្នុងគ្រួសា សហគមន៍ និងការគ្រប់គ្រងការចំណាយចាំបាច់ក្នុងគ្រួសារ ដោយមានការពិនិត្យតាមដានការចំណាយប្រចាំថ្ងៃក្នុងគ្រួសានីមួយៗ ដែលបានទទួលនូវការផ្តល់ចំណេះដឹងដល់៦០០នាក់ក្នុង សហគមន៍ ពី៨ភូមិ ក្នុងស្រុកកែវសីមា ខេត្តមណ្ឌលគីរី។
Cambodia is considered as grow in economic and developing country. The commercial farming provides people with the opportunity to improve their standard of living economic growth without suitability of natural resources and ecosystems weakens country functionality and increase vulnerability among the poor especially the indigenous Bunong in Mondulkiri province. Microcredit in Cambodia has emerged within this last 20 years, and it is likely contributed to livelihood development. Despite this claim, there are a lot of concerns occurring from microcredit as the driving force for biodiversity and natural livelihood. However there are concerns the microcredit sector could unknowingly increase the threat posed by farmers to biodiversity and hinder conservation efforts. An important role of microfinance institution is to provide financial support to those in need, while guaranteeing a more secure form of loan compared to informal sources.
Many of the indigenous people in Mondulkiri facing negative effects caused by microfinance, such as over indebtedness, inadequate investment validation and a lack of awareness of financial services, that may lead to the destruction of the potential for sustainable local economic and social development. With such issues concerning not only the economic well-being of farmers, but also microcredit as a whole and it potential environmental impacts. In the research result finding of the Indigenous youth engage in environment protection issues in May 2023 and the Gender, Peace & Security research finding issued in November 2024 also found out the debt was their concern for the communities.
Under the fund support from the WCS-USAID (REDD+) from October 2023-September 2024, ACT able to respond to some part of the communities’ capacity building on budget management to develop and support the indigenous in 8 community of KSWS REDD+ 400 household that face loan issues. The project had been conduct orientation meeting with the provincial administrator in MDK to inform and seek for the cooperation from the province and the target communities and local authority in KSM district. Then the financial literacy training had been provided to 400 villagers/household and communities networking for awareness raising on the financial literacy had been provide the small grant to the network to provide awareness raising to the 8 villages communities which reach out to 200 villager. Door to door follow up meeting on Financial management had been conducted among the trained 400 household for monitor their budget use record.
Reflection meeting and evaluation had been conducted to measure the program effectiveness and appropriate for the communities and most of them found this appropriate and affective for them to apply in their daily life, they had improved their understanding and way of apply in manage their financial more better than before. The project should be continue and going on to expand to the other part of the communes and districts in the province and not only in Mondulkiri but other province also facing many challenges on debt issues and need project to reach out. ACT committed and hope able to expand more capacity on this financial management and literacy to the communities with the cooperation and support from the donors.
This survey was conducted among the existing target group of projects in ACT: Implementing Social Accountability Framework (ISAF) and Feminist in Action (FiA) right after got called from YCC-IREX-Youth Excel funded by the USAID in May 2023, who announce for the youth research topics relate to the environment and indigenous people, ACT found it useful and relate to the existing project of ACT which both of project will be end by November 2023 and April 2024. As so far the indigenous group work on ISAF or FiA but other environmental issue and loan or debt still their hot topics that they keep sharing about from time to time without any action commitment from government or relate institution yet for the indigenous people. Thus, the finding will help to bring about their concern with environmental and debt beside the current ISAF and FiA project for indigenous voices to be heard. So this report finding is focus on four main topic: first about the indigenous youth and environment protection, second on ISAF, third on FiA, and fourth on indigenous and debt.
រឿងរ៉ាវនៃការផ្លាស់ប្តូរពី៤ គម្រោងនៃអង្គការក្រុមការងារដើម្បីដោះស្រាយទំនាស់ បានប្រមូលនិងចងក្រងពីគម្រោងគណនេយ្យភាពសង្គម គម្រោងប្រព័ន្ធផ្សព្វផ្សាយសន្តិភាព រឺសារព័ត៌មានសន្តិភាព គម្រោងរួមគ្នាដើម្បីគាំទ្រសិទ្វិស្រ្តី និងគម្រោងការកសាងសន្តិភាពសហគមន៍ សម្រាប់ជាការឆ្លុះបញ្ជាំងអំពីលទ្ធផលនៃការផ្លាស់ប្តូររបស់អ្នកចូលរួមនិងផលជះដែលទទួលបានពីក្នុងគម្រោងក្នុងរយះពេលវដ្តនៃគម្រោងរយះពេល៣ឆ្នាំ ២០១៩-២០២១។ ក្នុងរយះពេល៣ឆ្នាំកន្លងមកនេះ កដទ បានអនុវត្តក្នុងខេត្តនិងក្រុងគោលដៅចំនួន១១ គឺខេត្ត មណ្ឌលគីរី ខេត្តក្រចេះ ខេត្តកំពង់ស្ពឺ ខេត្តកំពត ខេត្តកំពង់ឆ្នាំង ខេត្តតាកែវ ខេត្តស្វាយរៀង ខេត្តបាត់ដំបង ខេត្តសៀមរាប ខេត្តព្រះសីហនុ និងក្រុងភ្នំពេញ។ រឿងរ៉ាវនៃការផ្លាស់ប្តូរនេះគឺធ្វើឡើងជាភាសារខ្មែរនិងភាសារអង់គ្លេស។